Standard Net Worth
Forbes Real-Time DataTraditional headline net worth as reported by Forbes, based on stock holdings, private company valuations, and known assets.
Chronos Score
Age-Adjusted to 100Projects current wealth to age 100 using the S&P 500 long-term average of 10% (including dividends). Younger billionaires have more compounding years ahead.
Liquid Score
Real Spendable WealthAdvanced calculation of actual spendable wealth accounting for insider selling constraints, market impact, and asset liquidity.
Advanced Liquid Score Methodology
Unlike simple industry multipliers, our Liquid Score accounts for the real-world constraints billionaires face when converting paper wealth to cash. A founder with $100B in a single stock can't actually spend $100B—SEC rules, market impact, and signaling effects dramatically limit what they can liquidate.
Base Liquidity
How liquid is the asset class? Public stocks are more liquid than real estate or private companies.
Insider Penalty
SEC Rule 144 and 10b5-1 plans restrict insider selling. Founders can only sell ~1% of shares per quarter without tanking the stock.
Market Impact
Large positions cause price slippage when sold. A $100B+ holder moving shares will move markets just by announcing intent to sell.
Example: Elon Musk's Liquid Score
Despite a $788B headline net worth, Musk could realistically liquidate only ~$93B without destroying Tesla's stock price and triggering SEC investigations.
Advanced Wealth Distribution Modeling
For precise rankings in the ultra-high net worth segment, we use Pareto (Power Law) Distribution modeling with region-specific parameters. This allows us to accurately estimate your position among the world's wealthiest individuals.
The Pareto Power Law Formula
Where Ncenti is the count of centimillionaires ($100M+) in the region,Wuser is your net worth, and α (alpha) is the Pareto index. A lower α indicates a "fatter tail" with higher concentration of extreme wealth.
Regional Pareto Indices (α)
Different regions have different wealth concentration patterns. The United States has the "fattest tail" globally, meaning more outliers at extreme wealth levels.
~10,800 centimillionaires
~2,350 centimillionaires
~6,000 centimillionaires (aggregate)
~1,200 centimillionaires
~29,350 centimillionaires
~500 centimillionaires
Age-Conditional Wealth Thresholds (US Baseline)
We use age-specific wealth percentiles to calculate your Junior Dominance Score—how your wealth compares to the top 0.1% of all younger generations.
| Age Bracket | Median (P50) | Top 1% (P99) | Top 0.1% (P99.9) | Top 0.01% (P99.99) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20-29 | $12K | $600K | $5.5M | $18M |
| 30-39 | $65K | $4.7M | $22M | $85M |
| 40-49 | $185K | $10.5M | $45M | $250M |
| 50-59 | $300K | $16.8M | $65M | $400M |
| 60-69 | $385K | $22.1M | $90M | $600M |
Source: Federal Reserve Survey of Consumer Finances 2022, Knight Frank Wealth Report 2024, Altrata World Ultra Wealth Report 2025
Advanced Metrics
Junior Dominance Score
Measures how your wealth compares to the top 0.1% of all younger generations. A score above 1.0 means you've accumulated more capital than the wealthiest 0.1% of everyone younger than you.
Accumulation Velocity
For self-made individuals, measures the rate of wealth accumulation per year since career start (assumed age 22). This reveals the true pace of wealth creation.
Why This Matters
Traditional billionaire rankings only show headline net worth—a number that doesn't account for the time value of money or the practical constraints of converting paper wealth to cash.
Chronos Score reveals the true power of youth and compounding. A 25-year-old with $1 billion has 75 years of potential growth ahead, making their wealth far more valuable than a 90-year-old with the same amount.
Liquid Score shows what billionaires can actually spend. Most founder wealth is locked in a single company's stock—selling it would crash the price and trigger regulatory scrutiny. Our methodology accounts for these real-world constraints.